textbook study guide #6 -- The Spartans (master)
Read in the textbook chapter 4, section 2, pages 114-117, and answer the questions below:
1). In what areas did the Greeks set up colonies between 750 B.C. and 550 B.C.? (p. 114)
Mediterranean Sea coastlines of what are now Italy, France, Spain, Africa
2) How did having colonies increase the wealth of the Greek city-states? (p. 114)
increased trade and industry
3) What was a tyranny in ancient Greece? (p. 114)
government by force (a tyrant was such a ruler)
4) What Greeks supported tyranny, and why? (p. 114)
rich merchants
5) Why did the Greeks eventually turn against tyrants? (p. 114)
Greeks believed in rule by law, and tyrants often were oppressive to people and violated the law
6) Some Greek city-states formed democracies -- what is a democracy? (p. 14)
rule of the many (or government by the people)
7) Other Greek city-states formed oligarchies -- what is an oligarchy? (p. 114)
rule by the few (usually the rich and/or powerful)
8) Instead of starting new colonies, Sparta acquired more land how? (p. 115)
conquest of neighbors (including Laconia and Messina)
9) What were helots in Sparta? (p. 115)
conquered people treated as serfs (similar to slaves, although not owned by individual Sprtans)
10) Why did the Spartans create a military state? (p. 115)
to keep control over the helots, who greatly out-numbered the Spartans
11) How did Spartan boys spend their childhood? (p. 115)
from age 7, they were raised in barracks leaning military discipline and skills
12) Explain the significance to Spartan males of each of the following birthdays (pp. 115-116):
a) age 20 -- regular military service started
b) age 30 -- allowed to live outside barracks and usually married by this point
c) age 60 -- left the army
13) Describe a typical Spartan meal (p. 114)
black broth consisting of animal blood and pork
14) Why did Spartan women have more power and greater freedom than most other Greek women? (p. 116)
women lived separately, so they had more independence and control of the household
15) What was the role of the two kings in the Spartan oligarchy? (p. 116)
command the army
16) There were 5 ephors in the Spartan government. What was an ephor, how were they chosen, and what was their job? (p. 116)
elected and responsible for the education of youth and the conduct of citizens -- they ran the day-to-day government
17. What was the make-up of the Spartan council of elders, that passed laws? (pp. 116-117)
the 2 kings and 28 other citizens over age 60
18. Why did the Spartans not allowed their citizens to travel, and discourage the citizens from studying philosophy, literature, or the arts? (page 117)
to keep them from contact with ideas different from those in Sparta
1). In what areas did the Greeks set up colonies between 750 B.C. and 550 B.C.? (p. 114)
Mediterranean Sea coastlines of what are now Italy, France, Spain, Africa
2) How did having colonies increase the wealth of the Greek city-states? (p. 114)
increased trade and industry
3) What was a tyranny in ancient Greece? (p. 114)
government by force (a tyrant was such a ruler)
4) What Greeks supported tyranny, and why? (p. 114)
rich merchants
5) Why did the Greeks eventually turn against tyrants? (p. 114)
Greeks believed in rule by law, and tyrants often were oppressive to people and violated the law
6) Some Greek city-states formed democracies -- what is a democracy? (p. 14)
rule of the many (or government by the people)
7) Other Greek city-states formed oligarchies -- what is an oligarchy? (p. 114)
rule by the few (usually the rich and/or powerful)
8) Instead of starting new colonies, Sparta acquired more land how? (p. 115)
conquest of neighbors (including Laconia and Messina)
9) What were helots in Sparta? (p. 115)
conquered people treated as serfs (similar to slaves, although not owned by individual Sprtans)
10) Why did the Spartans create a military state? (p. 115)
to keep control over the helots, who greatly out-numbered the Spartans
11) How did Spartan boys spend their childhood? (p. 115)
from age 7, they were raised in barracks leaning military discipline and skills
12) Explain the significance to Spartan males of each of the following birthdays (pp. 115-116):
a) age 20 -- regular military service started
b) age 30 -- allowed to live outside barracks and usually married by this point
c) age 60 -- left the army
13) Describe a typical Spartan meal (p. 114)
black broth consisting of animal blood and pork
14) Why did Spartan women have more power and greater freedom than most other Greek women? (p. 116)
women lived separately, so they had more independence and control of the household
15) What was the role of the two kings in the Spartan oligarchy? (p. 116)
command the army
16) There were 5 ephors in the Spartan government. What was an ephor, how were they chosen, and what was their job? (p. 116)
elected and responsible for the education of youth and the conduct of citizens -- they ran the day-to-day government
17. What was the make-up of the Spartan council of elders, that passed laws? (pp. 116-117)
the 2 kings and 28 other citizens over age 60
18. Why did the Spartans not allowed their citizens to travel, and discourage the citizens from studying philosophy, literature, or the arts? (page 117)
to keep them from contact with ideas different from those in Sparta