textbook study guide #5 - Early Civilizations in Greece (master)
Read in the textbook chapter 4, section 1, pages 104-111, and answer the questions below in the spaces provided:
1. Examine the time line on pages 104-105, and answer the questions below --
a) In what year did the Minoan (Atlantis) civilization reach its peak?
____1900 B.C.______
b) In what year were the first Olympic Games held in Greece?
___776 B.C._______
c) King Agamemnon led the Greeks in their war with Troy -- when did he rule?
___1500 B.C______
d) During what span of years did the Greeks fight several wars with the Persian Empire?
______499-479 B.C.___________
2. Examine the photo on pages 104-105: How did the Greeks build theaters for their plays?
built into hills
3. Examine the map on page 107: In what ways would you expect the nearness to the sea of Greek city-states would effect their economic and military development?
economic -- trade and fishing
military -- emphasis on navy
4. What geographic factors explain the fact that "Greece" was the site of numerous city-states, rather than one unified nation? (page 106)
mountainous and seas
5. The video Lost Civilizations put forth the theory that Minoan civilization was destroyed by the consequences following an enormous volcanic eruption in 1450 B.C. Most historians, however, believe the Minoans were destroyed in another way. How? (page 108-109)
* invasion by enemies
6. What was the most famous conquest by the Mycenaeans (in modern day Turkey, around 1250 B.C.)? (page 109)
*Troy
7. From 1100 to 750 B.C., Greece fell into a "Dark Age". What does that mean, and why was it called a "Dark Age"? (page 110)
* the country fell into a decline, and written records were lost
8. In the 8th century, the Greeks made a major advance when they adopted a new system of writing. How was this system of writing different from the Mesopotamian system (cuneiform) and the Egyptian system (hieroglyphics)? (page 110)
* used an alphabet (letters)
9. What was a polis?
offensive infantry formation, in a rectangular formation
1. Examine the time line on pages 104-105, and answer the questions below --
a) In what year did the Minoan (Atlantis) civilization reach its peak?
____1900 B.C.______
b) In what year were the first Olympic Games held in Greece?
___776 B.C._______
c) King Agamemnon led the Greeks in their war with Troy -- when did he rule?
___1500 B.C______
d) During what span of years did the Greeks fight several wars with the Persian Empire?
______499-479 B.C.___________
2. Examine the photo on pages 104-105: How did the Greeks build theaters for their plays?
built into hills
3. Examine the map on page 107: In what ways would you expect the nearness to the sea of Greek city-states would effect their economic and military development?
economic -- trade and fishing
military -- emphasis on navy
4. What geographic factors explain the fact that "Greece" was the site of numerous city-states, rather than one unified nation? (page 106)
mountainous and seas
5. The video Lost Civilizations put forth the theory that Minoan civilization was destroyed by the consequences following an enormous volcanic eruption in 1450 B.C. Most historians, however, believe the Minoans were destroyed in another way. How? (page 108-109)
* invasion by enemies
6. What was the most famous conquest by the Mycenaeans (in modern day Turkey, around 1250 B.C.)? (page 109)
*Troy
7. From 1100 to 750 B.C., Greece fell into a "Dark Age". What does that mean, and why was it called a "Dark Age"? (page 110)
* the country fell into a decline, and written records were lost
8. In the 8th century, the Greeks made a major advance when they adopted a new system of writing. How was this system of writing different from the Mesopotamian system (cuneiform) and the Egyptian system (hieroglyphics)? (page 110)
* used an alphabet (letters)
9. What was a polis?
a city-state
10. What was an agora?
central business area in a city-state
11. Which people had political rights?
male citizens
12. What people had no political rights, although they were citizens?
women, children
13. What people had neither political rights nor were citizens?
aliens, slaves
14. What group of people dominated (controlled) political life in the city-states?
aristocrats (wealthy)
15. What was a hoplite and what weapons did he use?
Greek infantry soldier
offensive infantry formation, in a rectangular formation